Federal Consumer Information Center Understanding Treatment Choices
Federal Consumer Information Center: Understanding Treatment Choices
for Prostate Cancer
What Is the
Prostate Gland?
The prostate gland, a key part of the
male reproductive system, is linked closely with the urinary system. It is a small gland that
secretes much of the liquid portion of semen, the milky fluid that transports
sperm through the penis during ejaculation.
The prostate is located just beneath
the bladder, where urine is stored, and in
front of the rectum. It encircles, like a
donut, a section of the urethra. The urethra
is the tube that carries urine from the
bladder out through the penis. During ejaculation, semen is secreted by the
prostate through small pores of the urethra's walls.
The prostate is made up of three
lobes encased in an outer covering, or capsule. It is flanked on either side by the
seminal vesicles, a pair of pouch-like glands
that contribute secretions to the semen. Next to the seminal vesicles run the
two vas deferens, tubes that carry sperm from
the testicles. The testicles, in addition
to manufacturing sperm, produce testosterone, a male sex
hormone that controls the prostate's
growth and function.